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Gifted History
"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat
it." George Santayana
- An
analysis of the Literature on the Education of Negro Gifted Children from
1940-1950
- Even as early as Plato, attempts were made to identify and train the most
able youths for leadership. However effective these methods which
existed to identify and educate the gifted child, present day evidence
impels us to regard it as unsystematic and inadequate...
- Arithmetical
Prodigies by E. W. Scripture, The American Journal of Psychology, April
1891
- Can we learn anything of practical use from the prodigies? The Roman
abacus, the Chinese swanpan, and the success of the numeral-frames used in
our primary schools, seem to point to the fact that it is best to teach
"calculation" before "ciphering."
- Autobiography
of Lewis Terman
- I venture to offer the following credos, which range all the way from
tentative beliefs to fairly positive convictions:
- That mental testing is in its merest infancy and will develop to a lusty
maturity within the next half century; that its developments will include
improved tests of general intelligence (in the reality of which I believe),
tests of many kinds of special ability, and tests of personality traits
which no one has yet even thought of measuring;
- That within a few score years school children from the kindergarten to the
university will be subjected to several times as many hours of testing as
would now be thought reasonable;
- That matrimonial clinics will become common and that couples in large
numbers will submit themselves to extensive batteries of ability,
personality, interest, and compatibility tests before deciding to embark
together;
- That the major differences between children of high and low IQ, and the
major differences in the intelligence test scores of certain races, as
Negroes and whites, will never be fully accounted for on the environmental
hypothesis;
- That the Freudian concepts, even when their validity has been discounted
about 90 per cent, nevertheless, constitute one of the two most important
contributions to modern psychology, mental tests being the other...
- Case
Study about Richard P. Feynman submitted by Sylvia Zinser
- Feynman was a highly gifted person who had found his position in life.
Coming out of a very supportive environment he was free to explore all
directions of science and life. He created an image for himself - the way he
wanted to be seen by others. This image included behaving like nobody
expected him to behave. But this self-image also lead Feynman into believing
that he was not at the right place in his young age. He saw himself as a
”faker”. Despite this he kept showing this image to the outside throughout
his life...
-
The
Child: His nature & his needs
- (contains a chapter, "Provisions for Intellectually Superior Children" by
Leta Hollingworth beginning on page 277) It is of incidental interest
that teachers rate bright children higher in all respects so far reported
than their parents do. This is because teachers know a great variety of
children, including the incompetent; whereas parents know well only their
own children and those of their own friends, constituting usually a very
restricted range of competency...
-
Children's
Reading: A guide for parents and teachers by Louis Terman (1925)
- The enjoyment of good literature requires a cultivate taste. Of the
hundred six million people in the United States, approximately fifty million
may be included in "the reading public." Of this group, the majority
read nothing but the daily news and light fiction...
-
The
difference between ratio and deviation aptitude test scores by Margaret
DeLacy
- Or why gifted IQ scores don't accurately differentiate gifted children...
-
Education
for Excellence a documentary film (1960's)
- Gifted program documentary, filmed in NYC public schools in the 1960's.
Also view
Education for Excellence, Part 2 (click the "View" button in the left
margin of each page)
- The
Education of Karl Witte: Or, The Training of the Child by Karl Heinrich
Gottfried Witte
- Then the public have been unkind enough to say: "If Witte did this with
his son, and at the same time ensures us that equally good results may be
obtained in the case of every child not directly neglected by Nature, why do
not our schoolmasters accomplish the same?" Nothing could be more
unjust than this request...
- The
educational achievement of gifted children by Gertrude Hildreth (1938)
- (Originally published in Child Development, 9(4), Dec. 1938)
-
 A
Forgotten Voice: A Biography of Leta Stetter Hollingworth
by Anne Klein 
- Dr. Klein has woven the threads of Leta Hollingworth's life and the
strands of educational philosophy (both past and present) into a cloak well
worth the trying on...
- Foundations
of the field of gifted education (historical perspectives) by Jennifer L.
Jolly
- The research and practices undertaken by the pioneers in the field of
gifted education were foundational extensions of the work of Galton, Binet,
Yoder, and Cattell. Questions posed about individual differences,
intelligence, and degrees of intelligence in both childhood and adulthood
could now be reexamined in light of advanced statistical procedures, measures
of intelligence, and empirical observations within educational settings.
Hollingworth and Terman set in motion the work of the field of gifted
education...
-
Sir
Francis Galton
- ...includes many of Galton's original journal articles and books, in
their entirety!
- "General
Intelligence," Objectively Determined and Measured by C. Spearman (1904)
- (first published in American Journal of Psychology 15, 201-293)
-
Genetic
Studies of Genius by Lewis M. Terman (first 5 volumes on-line)
-
Gifted children: Their nature and nurture by Leta Stetter Hollingworth
(1929)
Or read it right on the computer
Gifted children: Their
nature and nurture (requires Adobe Reader)
Hereditary
Genius by Sir Francis Galton
Those who are over eager and extremely active in mind must often possess
brains that are more excitable and peculiar than is consistent with
soundness. They are likely to become crazy at times, and perhaps to break
down altogether. Their inborn excitability and peculiarity may be expected
to appear in some of their relatives also, but unaccompanied with an equal
dose of preservative qualities, whatever they may be. Those relatives would
be "crank," if not insane...
History of Influences in
the Development of Intelligence Theory & Testing
An interactive map and supporting details on the history from Plato to
Sternberg, Gardner and Catell of today...
Leta Hollingworth's writings...
Influential
people in gifted education by Frances A. Karnes and Stephanie A. Nugent
Who are the persons who have influenced the history of gifted education?
What are their accomplishments that have shaped our field? Read about the most
influential persons in gifted education and their accomplishments...
The
Intelligence of School Children by Louis Terman (1919)
Opening with Some Principals of Intelligence Testing, and Amount and
Significance of Individual Differences, Terman continues by describing the
various differences in groups of school children at various ages ...
Julian
Stanley (1918 - 2005)
Julian shone light on individual differences in learning rates and how
tailoring the pace of the curriculum toward the individuality of each
student engenders more learning for all even if individual differences in
achievement increase...
Lessons
of a Century 1999 series in EdWeek
(requires free registration)
A year's series in their weekly newspaper about various aspects of the
history of 20th-century American education...
A
Nation At Risk: The Imperative For Educational Reform April 1983
Our Nation is at risk. Our once unchallenged preeminence in commerce,
industry, science, and technological innovation is being overtaken by
competitors throughout the world. This report is concerned with only one of
the many causes and dimensions of the problem, but it is the one that
undergirds American prosperity, security, and civility. We report to the
American people...
and the follow-up report...
National
Excellence: A Case for Developing America's Talent October 1993
The United States is squandering one of its most precious resources--the
gifts, talents, and high interests of many of its students. In a broad range
of intellectual and artistic endeavors, these youngsters are not challenged
to do their best work. This problem is especially severe among economically
disadvantaged and minority students, who have access to fewer advanced
educational opportunities and whose talents often go unnoticed. Reforming
American schools depends on challenging students to work harder and master
more complex material...
Special
education, the handicapped and the gifted report of the Committee on
special classes, 1931
Have things changed, in all these years?
Special
talents and defects: their significance for education Leta Stetter
Hollingworth, 1923
Speculation Concerning the Nature of Ability, Results of Quantitative
Investigation...
A
Study of American Intelligence by Carl Campbell Brigham, 1922
The army mental tests give us an opportunity for a national inventory of
our own mental capacity, and the mental capacity of those we have invited to
live with us...
A
Study of Talent in Drawing by Herschel Thurman Manuel
What are the essential psychological characteristics of persons talented
in drawing? How may the test method be used in the diagnosis of talent
in drawing?
Transitions
in the development of giftedness by Fred A. Bonner, II
Because this research investigation included only a small number of
participants, it is difficult to provide an exhaustive list of
recommendations. However, it is certainly possible for the reader to take
information gleaned from this article and the ensuing recommendations
(programmatic and research) and use it in similar educational contexts...
An
Untold Story of Resistance: African-American Educators and IQ Testing in the
1920,s and '30's by Alan Stoskopf
Research and experience demonstrate that this version of "education
reform" will negatively impact all students, especially students of color from
lower income backgrounds. We also know that the best assessments originate in
the classroom and are an ongoing part of a student's reflection of her or his
progress. Few people realize that current critiques of testing and the calls
for more authentic forms of assessment have been built in part upon the
pioneering work of African-American intellectuals in the 1920s and 1930s...
The
Vectors of the Mind by L. L. Thurstone (1934)
Thurstone first conceived and worked on statistical proof of intelligence
as many faceted rather than just "g." (Address of the president before
the American Psychological Association, Chicago meeting, September, 1933.
First published in Psychological Review, 41, 1-32)
White
House Conf. on Child Health & Protection: Special Education: The Handicapped
& the Gifted; report of the Committee on special classes
(section on gifted children begins on page 537)
Last updated
December 01, 2020
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